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Two bowl barrows 390m and 320m south-south-west of Home Farm

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1007387
Date first listed:: 19-Oct-1993

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1007387
Date first listed:: 19-Oct-1993

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Cheshire East (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Lower Withington
National Grid Reference:: SJ 80674 72366

Reasons for Designation

Bowl barrows, the most numerous form of round barrow, are funerary monuments dating from the Late Neolithic period to the Late Bronze Age, with most examples belonging to the period 2400-1500 BC. They were constructed as earthen or rubble mounds, sometimes ditched, which covered single or multiple burials. They occur either in isolation or grouped as cemeteries and often acted as a focus for burials in later periods. Often superficially similar, although differing widely in size, they exhibit regional variations in form and a diversity of burial practices. There are over 10,000 surviving bowl barrows recorded nationally (many more have already been destroyed), occurring across most of lowland Britain. Often occupying prominent locations, they are a major historic element in the modern landscape and their considerable variation of form and longevity as a monument type provide important information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisations amongst early prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of protection.

Despite spreading of the monument by ploughing, the bowl barrows 390m and 320m south-south-west of Home Farm survive reasonably well. Limited excavation of the northern barrow located human remains together with flint, metal and leather artefacts, and further evidence of interments and grave goods will exist within the mound and upon the old landsurface beneath. The southern barrow is not known to have been excavated and will contain undisturbed archaeological deposits within the mound and upon the old landsurface beneath. Additionally the monument is a rare example in Cheshire where flat burials are known to be located outside the perimeter of the burial mounds.

Details

The monument includes two bowl barrows located on flat land 390m and 320m south-south-west of Home Farm. The southern barrow is an earthen mound 35m in diameter and up to 0.75m high. The northern barrow is a turf and sand mound 35m in diameter and up to 0.5m high. Limited excavation of the northern barrow during the 1970's located the primary burial which included a cremation of a teenage woman. The body was cremated and the larger bones broken and placed in a leather container. This was placed in a pit and covered with a square of turf, which in turn was covered with a layer of sand and gravel, and then charcoal. The mound was then built over this. A date of c.1900 BC was derived from the associated charcoal by radio-carbon dating. There were also 2 or 3 secondary cremations. These included 2 cremations in pits, and a shallow scoop 20cm from the primary pit which contained cremated bone and 2 teeth. The earliest of these secondary cremations was dated to c.1700 BC. Finds included flint artefacts recovered throughout the excavation, and a copper rivet from the primary burial. Evidence for flat burials outside the perimeter of the barrows came from a pit 2m long and 0.4m deep adjacent to the northern barrow which contained fragments of an inhumation.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 5 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 22586
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Books and journals
Wilson, D, 'CAB' in , , Vol. 6, (1978), 66-8
Other
Darvill, T, MPP Single Monument Class Descriptions - Bowl Barrows,
Darvill,T., MPP Single Monument Class Description - Bowl Barrows, (1988)

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.